International tax

International tax is about taxation across borders. If you have income, property or financial interests abroad – or work in multiple countries – special rules apply to where and how you must pay tax. Here you will find answers to the most common questions about international tax, double taxation and reporting foreign affairs.Frequently asked questions about international tax

Frequently Asked Questions About International Tax

What is international tax?

International tax covers situations where there are international conditions or activities. This can be, for example, if you live or work abroad, have income, property, or a company in another country, or move to or from Denmark. The purpose of the rules is to ensure correct taxation and to avoid the same income being taxed in multiple countries, including through the use of double taxation agreements.

When do you have to pay tax in Denmark and abroad?

You become liable to tax in another country if you have:

  • Permanent residence or stay there for a long time (typically more than 183 days per year).
  • Workplace in the country, e.g. through employment or self-employment.
  • Permanent establishment in the country, such as an office or branch.
  • Tax liability depends on local rules and double taxation agreements between Denmark and the country in question. Work in several countries: It is crucial where the employee actually resides when he works. If the person in question performs work in both the source country and the country of residence, a division must be made as to where the income is to be taxed.

    What is a double taxation agreement?

    A double taxation agreement is an agreement between Denmark and another country that determines which country has the right to tax different types of income, such as wages, pensions, interest and dividends. The purpose of the agreement is to avoid double taxation and create clarity on how income should be taxed when a person or company has connections to several countries.

    How are foreign pension schemes taxed in Denmark?

    If you are fully liable to tax in Denmark, you must generally inform the Danish Tax Agency (skattestyrelsen) about all foreign pension schemes, regardless of whether payments are already being made or not. The information is typically provided via an L-declaration, which describes the type, value and payment terms of the scheme. When payments are made from a foreign pension scheme, the amounts are generally taxed as personal income in Denmark. The payments are added to your other income and taxed according to the general rules and rates for income tax. In certain cases, a double taxation agreement with the country where the pension scheme is established may affect taxation or entitle you to relief.

    Do I have to report foreign securities?

    If you are fully liable to tax in Denmark, you are obliged to report all foreign securities to the Danish Tax Agency. This applies regardless of whether they are shares, bonds or investment certificates, and regardless of whether the securities are held in a Danish or foreign custody account. The reporting includes, among other things:

  • Purchase and sale of securities
  • Dividends and interest
  • Gains and losses on sales
  • Unrealized gains and losses on securities subject to stock tax
  • Failure or incorrect reporting may result in fines, interest and loss of deductions, e.g. for losses on securities.

    How is property taxed abroad?

    If you are fully liable to tax in Denmark and own real estate abroad, the property must be reported to the Danish Tax Agency. You are still liable to tax in Denmark on the income and any increases in value that the property generates – even if the property is located in another country. However, any double taxation can be reduced. Taxation depends on how the property is used:

  • Own residence abroad (e.g. holiday home): If the property is used as your own residence or holiday home, Danish property value tax must generally be paid. The property must be registered in the Danish annual statement.
  • Rental of property: Rental income from foreign property is taxed in Denmark. In principle, deductions can be made for relevant operating expenses, e.g. maintenance, foreign property tax, insurance and interest on loans related to the property.
  • Sale of property: Profits from sales are generally taxed in accordance with the Property Gains Taxation Act, unless the sale is covered by the exemption under the detached house rule.
  • In order for the profit to be tax-free according to the detached house rule, the following conditions must generally be met:
  • The property must have served as the owner's full-time residence for all or part of the ownership period, based on actual occupancy.
  • The property must not have been acquired or used for the purpose of business or speculation.
  • The property must be a one- or two-family home, condominium or summer house that is approved for occupancy.
  • The land area must generally not exceed 1,400 m².
  • What are LL § 33A and § 33?

    LL § 33 A and § 33 are provisions in the Taxation Act that allow for relief or exemption from Danish tax on income earned from work abroad, if certain conditions are met. LL § 33 A allows for full tax exemption for income earned from work abroad. The scheme requires, among other things, that the stay abroad is continuous and has a certain minimum duration, and that the work is not performed for the Danish state. LL § 33 allows for partial (half) tax exemption if the conditions for full exemption under § 33 A are not met. The conditions for the application of §§ 33 A and § 33 are strict and depend, among other things, on the duration of the stay, the nature of the work and the employee's overall connection to Denmark. Disclaimer As the above is for guidance purposes only, we accept no liability for decisions that may be made based on the above without prior individual advice. We accept no liability for errors and omissions.

    How can SkatteInform help you?

    SkatteInform can help you clarify tax liability and double taxation, calculate and report international income and property, and advise on moving to or from Denmark and on international company activities.

    Disclaimer

    As the above is for guidance purposes only, we accept no liability for decisions that may be made based on the above without prior individual advice. We accept no liability for errors and omissions.

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